Thursday, 14 November 2013


CASE STUDY STRUCTURE

  • US FILM
  • STUDIO PRODUCTION
  • BIG BUDGET
  • WORLDWIDE GROSS
  • FAMOUS DIRECTOR
  • LOCATIONS
  • HISTORY AND CONTRACT WITH AUDIENCE
  • MARKETING CAMPAIGN
  • VIRAL MARKETING
  • CASTING
  • DISTRIBUTION
  • ILLEGALLY DOWNLOADED
  • ONLINE TICKET SALES
  • SAMPLE QUESTION – HOW TO STUDIO’S REACH THEIR AUDIENCE NATIONALLY AND INTERNATIONALLY       ANSWER- THROUGH MARKETING AND DISTRIBUTION
  • EXTENTEDED TRAILERS FOR BIG FILMS
  • ASTROSURFING
  • MERCHANDISE
  • SOCIAL NETWORKING 
  •  

Thursday, 7 November 2013

Representations of Gender

Sound is used in an interesting way in order to represent gender. From the beginning, music is used in the background to make the male, villain character seem more powerful. Music is used to set the scene and create a certain atmosphere in that particular scene. While he is talking there is a mysterious, low pitched music with drums and this makes the male seem more dominant as he has this strong music in the background to support him. This is linked back to men being more powerful than women. The villain and the music are quieter and selective sound is used. This is used in the bomb ticking; this makes it more noticeable and dramatic.

 The villain is still speaking in the background though even though we can hear the ticking suggesting that he is in control of this loud powerful thing still- adding to his power. Everyone is also quiet while he’s speaking to show the male has more superiority whilst the woman is bowing down to him. 

 A sound bridge is used throughout the scene to make it look more smooth and efficient, showing no disruption to the action- but more importantly the speech the man is making. This again shows that men shouldn’t be interrupted. 

Direct sound hasn’t been used that much however, studio sound has. We can tell this because whilst the villain is talking- even though it’s direct we cannot hear any background sound, making it sound more professional with just the music in the background. This goes back to representations of gender showing that the male is supposed to be more sophisticated and that he should always look his best and be listened to and respected. 

Also, the lady in the red dress and the maids hardly use any dialogue. This might show that they’re not worthy enough to speak as women are often looked down upon in the media. This links back to gender as the lack of dialogue often means lack of importance, and even thought the lady in the red dress looks as if she might be higher in power, she still is only limited to speech, limiting women to power. However in contrast, conventions are broken when the main woman decides to have a speech and the music starts to gradually crescendo, getting louder and more powerful. This is often to show a climax coming or something important and powerful. This is an unusual choice of sound for a woman, because women are often not seen as that important. This could perhaps portray that women don’t have to be weak and they can be powerful too. This is effective because it gives the female audience something to relate too, as some women don’t want to be overlooked. 

To make this clip seem even more real they included sound effects of lasers. This adds to the point that this show is unrealistic, which if taken into account in an oppositional reading way. It could mean that women saving the day and not being outspoken could not be realistic either. These could be subtle message that most people don’t realise, however they are feeding into it as most of the audience (preferred readers) see it as women in power and control- however it could not mean that sincerely. 

A lot of off-screen sound is used while the camera pans the location and hardly any time is spent on the protagonist woman. The audience see her from time to time when she is giving her speech however; it’s mainly focused on the man’s facial expressions. This could link back to men’s opinions and reactions being more important than women, once again going with the typical stereotype. These are quite subtle and could be perceive as just showing the shock on a character’s face however they could have deeper meanings hidden within these small edits of different types of sound.

Monday, 4 November 2013

Sound Essay

In the opening scene of Terminator 2 uses sound very effectively to set the mood and atmosphere of the whole movie in general. It is very important as the beginning as selective sound it used. There is a shot of the current world we are living in, the busy roads that are usually really loud but the producers decided to remove any diegetic sound and this removes the realistic effect. This is effective because the movie is about robots and the future and that is fiction so it’s not realistic so it ties in well. This makes it peaceful but also eerie, this contrast in how it’s meant to be ( a loud and bustling city) makes it seem as if something is not right, which keeps the audience on edge. Instead they have inserted a non-diegetic sound of a really low pitched electronic sound (similar to a robotic sound) which makes it very tense- as low pitched music is usually associated with something scary or mysterious. It has a gradual crescendo, each time we hear that sound, it gets louder and more instruments are added. This successful use of sound builds up the tension and makes the audience expect a climax of something bad to happen. Instead, there is silence for a brief second. This is really effective as that silence leaves time for the audience to ask questions and their curiosity grows- making them more interested in the film.

 As the camera slowly pans to Los Angeles 2029, we see that everything has been destroyed. We hear a choir singing high notes. They have decided to use this choir to make it feel tense because the choir is usually associated with Church, and the Church connotes many things but the ones that link mostly to the scene would be: Life and Death. As the camera pans to show the wreckage, it is very calm and the electronic music returns. The mix of high and low pitches create an interesting contrast. The notes start to elongate, really extending that eerie feel. Afterwards we see a robotic leg crash a skull and this is synchronised with the sound as there is a loud crash sound. This breaks the tension and stuns the audience as it was previously really quite- adding that horror effect. 

Next, the camera pans up so we can see the robot and we hear non-diegetic sound of laser guns and gun shots and explosions which have been created by use of technology. Even though this is not realistic is makes it seem real and we are seeing the explosions and hearing them and our senses are activated and we aware of it happening- therefore feeling as if we’re watching something real. 

A few minutes after an action packed loud scene, the sounds get muffled out and this is similar to sound perspective which gives an impression of distance in sound. However it’s also similar to selective sound and it wants us to focus on the characters flashback and the burning sound. This is effective as it doesn’t drag and make it too loud and action packed within the opening scene so it calms down and goes back to the similar background music as the beginning. However there is an emphasis of the burning sound. This makes the audience concentrate on the burning, which sends a powerful strong message.

 After the dramatic opening there is a voice over/ commentary narration which sets the mood and informs the audience of what is happening. It also makes it calm at the same time and tense which is an interesting combination
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Sunday, 3 November 2013

Sound

Random Notes



Technology
Institutions
Audience
Issues
The future

7 FACTORS THAT EFFECT MASS MEDIA CONTENT
1.       Ownership and finance(who owns and pays for it)
2.       Production. Who?
3.       Distribution. Who delivers it and in what form?
4.       Broadcast, exhibition, - where is the product consumed?
5.       Controls? Who decides
6.       Promotion and marketing. Who will do it?

7.       Audiences.


Spooks

The obvious technique that is shown from the beginning is the lighting. It is very dark and dim; this connotes the darkness and creates tension straight away and we understand that this is not a good place and there’s mystery.


Semiotics
·         Radio: Jingles,
·         T.V.: entertainment, celebrities , gossip, talent,
·         Magazines:
·         Newspapers:
·         Cinema:
·         Popular music







Social Class in Soaps

In ‘Shameless’ a lot of medium close-ups are used on Frank and Monica. These shots allow the audience to see the character’s facial expressions and these expressions are mostly baffled. This emphasises the point that the working class are supposedly unintelligent and they are made to seem as a laughing stock as they exaggerate their confused faces.  Additionally, these shots linger on and this shows that the characters are thinking and it takes a long time for them to pick up on things. This adds to the point that the working class are unable to think properly and they need time to figure things out. In contrast when the doctor is speaking the shots quickly cut away from her. This connotes that she is a fast thinker and can easily come to a conclusion. This shows that the middle class are more intelligent as they were able to get an education and work in a well-respected job. The doctor however also has a medium close up shot however this is used to its advantage as the audience can see her facial expressions are very confident. This portrays that as well as the middle class being intelligent, they are confident and well presented. There are a lot of high angle shots when the working class people are speaking, so this connotes that they are often looked down upon. This powerful shot also emphasises the fact that the working class are not worth a lot and they don’t deserve to be treated as a normal person. It’s almost as if you are looking down on an animal like a dog for example because they are smaller and weaker than you. In contrast when the doctors are talking there is a low angle shot, so this shows that they have more authority and are considered a higher class because they are smarter and have a better job. This difference is shown very obviously just within the camera angles.
Most of the clip I watched had an overall fast pace. The shots mostly cut quickly so you can see all the different characters speaking. This is effective it keeps the audience interested and involved as they also feel as if they are they are there and witnessing their faces whilst speaking. However as I mentioned earlier some of the shots linger, this makes the pace of the show slow for those brief seconds however it has a big impact because as the characters are thinking the audience has a chance to take everything in and maybe even analyse the character more and form a judgement for example on what a typical working class person would look, sound like or even think like. Usually these judgements are stereotypical which is specific to what the producers are aiming to put across in the first place. Shameless also cuts scenes a lot and also doesn’t stay on one scene for too long and there are transitions to new settings and characters to show the other stories. These separate scenes usually result in the two different stories colliding. This is good because the stories come together and you could see either a contrast on the different classes or how the different social classes affect each other.
In Shameless, there is mostly diegetic sound. This could be due to the fact the producers want the audience to focus on the dialogue of the characters. However there are moments where non-diegetic sounds are used to add a comical feel. For example, there is a moment where Frank and Monica are supposedly set a challenge from their baby and there is Native American music in the background. This links to class because the audience automatically finds that funny and it’s almost as if they are laughing at these people directly and the working class in general. Also the way, in which the working class characters speak, they usually end on a higher note so it’s like they are asking questions every time. This links back to class because it’s making the characters seem as if they are unsure in what they are talking about when they are speaking, thus lowering their intelligence.
Shameless uses a wide variety of mis-en-scene. The first way in which this does this is by the way Frank is portrayed. His hair looks greasy and messy most of the time and this shows that he doesn’t look after himself. This falsely puts the idea that working class people are untidy and look like a mess either because they don’t care or they don’t have sufficient funds. His beard is also scruffy and this doesn’t look very pleasant. It connotes that all working class people mostly look like homeless people who don’t even look at themselves in the mirror. Most of the working class characters have bags underneath their eyes and this shows that they are tired. It reminds the audience that the working class have to work countless hours and they probably don’t get that much sleep.
Props are really important as Frank is usually seen holding a cigarette and a person who smokes is usually presented as laid back. This is quite a contrast to my point before on working class people being hard working people because this is a view that working class people are often laid back and lazy which is why they are stuck in the working class.

In the video clip the lighting for when the working class people were at home was quite dim and natural light was mostly used. This could show that a working class home isn’t very bright and happy and in fact it’s quite dark and gloomy. In contrast when everyone is at the hospital there is very bright lighting and everything is clear and in the light. This could show that in a hospital there are ‘bright’ people and it has a ‘heavenly’ feel. This relates to the people who work in the hospital as middle class people are how they are more pleasant people in general just because they have a better job.

Analysing Ideology and Mise en Scene in Films

Hunger Games:


IDEOLOGY
That the government can manipulate your judgement. Also the Main ideas could be survival, love, community , power of the people and trust. There is also an idea of hope ( which is presented in the Mocking Jay Pin)


MISE EN SCENE.

5 Elements of Mise En Scene:
  • Setting and Props
  • Costume, Hair & Make-Up
  • Facial Expressions& Body Language
  • Lighting and Colour
  • Positioning of characters/ objects within the frame




There is a scene in Hunger Games where Katniss (Jennifer Lawrence) has to destroy some supplies from the 'Careers'(children that have been trained for the Hunger Games). This is because she knows that they would have a massive advantage over them if they have all the supplies. It is a very intense scene as there is a lot at risk and it's very dangerous.

The setting is very important in this scene because it makes everything seem realistic. The camera often has Katniss' point of view- which emphasises the point of trying to make the audience feel as if they are there too. This adds to the tension because the audience is almost forces to be with her(just like most of the other competitors are forced to be there too).

For props, the main item that is shown is the bow and arrow. This symbolises savagery. Also, Katniss is also known for her bow and arrow and her expert hunting so it gives that character a individual symbol to be recognised by.

Analysing Music Video's



 Preferred Reading: 
(Producers of a media text, design it with a certain meaning in mind) 


  • Women are objects, they can be bought like 'Candy'.
  •  If you spend money on a woman, you have the right to do what you want with them. If you are rich and a man, you are allowed to be with many women.
  •  'I'll have you spending all you got'- Olivia = Women are gold diggers 
  •  Women 'ask for it' because of the way they dress.
  • Tattoos, muscles, hats, gold expensive chains and big make you 'cool'.

Oppositional Reading:
(Audiences can choose to read them in any way they please- usually in a different and unintended way)

  • 50 Cent is controlled by women because they have what he wants. Therefore women have more power than men.
  • Also, when the girls are dancing in red- it shows them being fierce and powerful.



 Preferred Reading: 


  • Girls have a lot of girl friends and they like to stick by each other.
  • They like to have fun and do stereotypically 'girly' things. E.g: Putting on make up.
  • They are always happy and bubbly.
  • Girls aren't that smart and quite 'typical'

Oppositional Reading:

  • Girls/ women are independent and don't need men to be happy.
  • Girls are naive and that's a good thing because it spreads happiness.